Thursday, September 23, 2021

David Walker


Image result for david walker

https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part4/4p2930.html

Born in Wilmington, North Carolina was me, a young David Walker. My mother raised me, as a free woman, while my father died (enslaved) before getting the chance. My mother taught me from a young age that everything happens for a reason because had my father been alive to this day, I would have inherited his status as a slave. While I did feel lucky to not be enslaved, that did not stop me from witnessing the horrid truth that was slavery. Oftentimes, I found it hard to bear the treatment of my people simply for their skin color. I could not remain where I must hear slaves. 


As I grew older I wanted to feel a stronger connection to a community of activists, so I moved to Charleston which became a hotspot for free blacks. Soon I became affiliated with an African Methodist Episcopal Church which was the first black denomination of the United States. While I enjoyed my time in Charleston, I decided I wanted to experience Northern culture and move to Boston in 1825. 


While Boston was nothing like the south regarding racism, it was nowhere near perfect. African American children were forced to attend schools with lower rankings and African Americans were not allowed to serve on juries. On the other hand, I was able to start my very own secondhand clothing shop which became very successful especially for a Black man that did not have many advantages in this life. Levels of activism in Boston were high which fueled my passion for fighting for what I knew in my heart was right. 



https://docsouth.unc.edu/nc/walker/bio.html


As I became more comfortable in Boston, I began attending more churches, speaking out, and getting my point across. Leading slaves to freedom, opposing colonization of African Americans, and speaking out against slavery was my specialty. By the end of 1828, many considered me to be Boston’s leading spokesperson against slavery.


What would my next step be? My mother always taught me to never be comfortable, always push for greatness and never settle. My goal has always been to make my parents proud especially my dad since he never got the chance to raise me. I wanted him to look down and be proud of the man I have become regardless of what I have been through. I began to ask myself the question, how can I educate a mass number of people on my beliefs? Then it dawned on me, I should publish. First I began with publishing my appeal to African Americans entitled, “Walker’s Appeal, in Four Articles; Together with a Preamble to the Colored Citizens of the World, but in Particular, and Very Expressly, to Those of the United States of America, Written in Boston, State of Massachusetts, September 28,1829.” In this piece, I highlighted core issues, call to action, white Americans, and black nationalism. The reaction of this piece was a mix. Many felt it was “too radical”, many southerners made efforts to keep my piece from free and enslaved African Americans. While the immediate reaction had a rocky start, the lasting influence was even greater. Several abolitionists such as Frederick Douglas, MLK Jr., Nat Turner, and Malcolm X would later be influenced by my work.



Image result for David Walker Abolitionist

https://www.boston.gov/news/david-walker-bostons-fiery-anti-slavery-writer


I never settled, I never got comfortable, I always strived for greatness and to be better than the day before. I encourage you all to do that as I encouraged my one and only daughter before she passed just last week. I missed the chance to get to tell my beloved Lydia Ann the story of my life, so I am telling you all.


Sincerely, David Walker



Thursday, September 16, 2021

Bible Team Challenge (Keliese Demetrius and Darla Zisa)

 

                                                            

                                    https://time.com/5171819/christianity-slavery-book-excerpt/

From the first century up until the civil war, the Bible was often used as a tool to justify slavery. Saint Augustine thought that slavery was inevitable, he believed it was the consequence of sin and the Fall of Man. The Ten Commandments mention slavery twice, which can be interpreted as God’s acceptance.

                                
                                                    

The Christian Faith condemned the use of slaves for many reasons. Genesis 21:9-10 states, “Abraham, the ‘father of faith,’ and all the patriarchs held slaves without God’s disapproval.” This goes to show that the followers of the faith held slaves regardless if it went against the word of God. People felt that slavery “stood as an insitution of God”. Christians were very passionate for slavery and used slaves to point out that Jesus would never speak against it. On the other hand, many like to claim that Christians felt very passionate about the abolition movement. Regardless of the number of Christians who condonded slavery, the numbe rof christians who condemed it was still very apparent. During this time period, Christians statements and feelings speaking out against slavery increased. Whereas many slave owners had a feeling of immense power. Slave Owners were aware that the experience of a slave (positive or negative) was their responsibility.

                                                  34699e8e-6512-11e9-82ba-fcfeff232e8f_story.html


The Christian Faith condemned the use of slaves for many reasons. Genesis 21:9-10 states, “Abraham, the ‘father of faith,’ and all the patriarchs held slaves without God’s disapproval.” This goes to show that the followers of the faith held slaves regardless if it went against the word of God. People felt that slavery “stood as an insitution of God”. Christians were very passionate for slavery and used slaves to point out that Jesus would never speak against it. On the other hand, many like to claim that Christians felt very passionate about the abolition movement. Regardless of the number of Christians who condonded slavery, the numbe rof christians who condemed it was still very apparent. During this time period, Christians statements and feelings speaking out against slavery increased. Whereas many slave owners had a feeling of immense power. Slave Owners were aware that the experience of a slave (positive or negative) was their responsibility.


As Christians often used the bible in a way to justify the slavery and the act of owning them, there were also instances were Christians felt the bible spoke out against it. Not every Christian was in favor of slavery, the conflict was very spilt and even on both sides. The main issue was the interpretation of the bible to condemn or condone slavery was often contradictory and hypocritical. 

Friday, September 10, 2021

The Supreme Court

                                                                     The Supreme Court


https://www.uscourts.gov/about-federal-courts/educational-resources/about-educational-outreach/activity-resources/about

The Supreme Court is the most powerful judicial body and the highest court in the federal judiciary. The cases presented to the Supreme Court are typically cases in controversy from lower supreme courts. Nine justices make up the current Supreme Court with  one Chief Justice and eight Associate Justices. Each justice is assisted by a small staff of secret agents. The court has something called “lifetime tenure” in which every justice gets to remain on the court until they resign, retire, or die. While justices are granted lifetime tenure, the average term served by a justice is 16 years. Each justice is nominated by the President and confirmed by the senate. The power of the Supreme Court rests in the hands of public faith. The court holds the power of judicial review which means they have the power to call something out that they feel invalidates the constitution.


                                                                        Opinion Writing

                                               https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/opinions.aspx

The term “opinions” in the Supreme Court means writing that is done by the justices. The court publishes over 5000 opinions each year and opinion writing is the most time consuming duty of the justices. The average Supreme Court opinion is 4,751 words and about 75 opinions are issued every year. Opinions play a vital role in protecting the liberties guaranteed, making opinion writing so time consuming. Voting takes place to decide who in the court will be the Justice voted upon by a majority to write the opinion of the court. Each of these opinions state the court's reasoning and their judgement.




Eight Values of Free Expression

There are eight values of free expression in which are in place in an effort for the most efficient US Government. The eight values consist ...